Transmission system for a pressureoperated member such as a hydraulic press



Feb. 25, 1936. D SQAKY 2,032,185

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR A PRESSURE OPERATED MEMBER SUCH AS A HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed April 12, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 DA ID SCJA Y INVEN K.

Feb. 25, 1936. D. SCIAKY 2,032,185

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR A PRESSURE OPERATED MEMBER SUCH AS A HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed April 12, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 D D SCIAKY Hp Y.

Patented Feb. 25, 1936.

PATENT OFFICE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR A PRESSURE- OPERATED MEMBER SUCH DRAULIC PRESS ASAHY- David Sciaky, Paris, France Application April 12, 1935, Serial No. 16,107 In Germany April 20, 1934 1 Claim. (01. (so-54.5)

The object of the present invention is to utilize fluid under pressure in a scientificfmanner by economizing the amount of motive fluid used.

' The invention is further intended to provide a hydraulic intensifier that is essentially simple and comprises masses of small inertia in motion.

A further object of the invention is to render it possible to put the apparatus out of action at the conclusion of each operation so that these operations shall follow each other periodically or at definite long or short intervals.

Still another object of the invention is to eliminate the necessity for powerful compressors, systerms of large diameter piping and large hand relief-valves as well as valves or cocks.

Lastly the invention aims at considerably reducing the space required for the installation.

Installations by which the foregoing objects are realized possess the features set forth in the specificationbelowand in the claim annexed to the said specification.

The preferred constructional forms of the invention are shown, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a. hydraulic transmission system according to one constructional form of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a second form of practical construction, oi a hydraulic transmission system.

The system illustrated in Fig. 1 includes two hydraulic intensiflers, one 5l3 operating at low pressure and the other 1-46 at high pressure,

these being intended to operate the machine 50, which may be a hydraulic press, a welding-machine, or the like. Compressed air, representing the motive power, is supplied from source A and is controlled by the hand-operated valves 2 and 3, lo-

cated in: the feed pipes of the low and high pressure intensifiers respectively.

Normally, the pistons l0 and plunger H of the two intensiflers are at their highest positions. When the 4-way cock 4 is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 1, the compressed air arriving by the pipe I enters the upper chamber of the cy1inder 6 and. acts on the piston ill to free down the plunger or ram I I, which has a large working surface, and which compresses the fluid in the lower chamber which then passes from the space I3 through pipe 35 and is forced into the chamber l6 and then into the operating cylinder IQ of a machine. The ram 50 of the machine is thus forced down to press or operate on the work-piece in the machine.

It, at this moment, the 4-way cock 5 is turned so as to bring it into the position indicated in dotted lines, the compressed air passes through the aperture 24 of the cock 5 and enters the-upper chamber oi the chamber 1 to act on piston II and the plunger I5 is forced down and during 5 the first part of its movement it breaks the communication between the enclosed spaces l3 and i6. Thereafter, the plunger l5, which is of small diameter relatively to. its pneumatic piston ll, produces in the cylinder IS the high pressure 10 desired.

If the two 4-way cocks are turned to their other positions the pistons l0 and M can return to their normal raised positions owing to the establishment of communication between the upper cham- 15 bers of the cylinders 6 and I and the free air and owing to the admission of compressed air into the spaces beneath these pistons Hi and H respectively, through the inlets 21 and 25.

In order to render the operation 0! the high- 2 pressure intensifier automatic and positive, the system of Fig, 1 is supplemented by an automatic control device, which is in turn controlled by the low-pressure intensifier and controls the highpressure one. This device takes the form of a 25 hydraulically controlled valve with a hydraulic ram 20, the cylinder of which is connected with the pipe 35 connecting the lower cylinders I3 and I6 of the lowand high-pressure intensifiers. The plunger 20 is coupled to the handle 22 of the 30 cock 5 and is normally pulled into its cylinder by coil springs II, the tension of which may be regulated by means of the screws 5|.

This device functions as the result of the excess pressure set up in the fluid, when acted on 35 by the plunger l I, at the moment when the movable ram 50 of the receiver 19 commences to com press the work. At this moment the piston 20 is forced outwards from its cylinder and operates the handle 22 of the cock 5 and, in consequence, 40 causes the high-pressure intensifier to function. In this way the working pressure is automatically obtained at whatever position the ram 50 may be in and independently of the thickness of the work-pieces to beoperated on.

The installations comprise also a liquid source 8 that supplies liquid, through the pipe-system 9, to the cylinders I 3 and ii of the low-and-high pressure intensiflers. This supply of liquid is e1'-- 50 Iected by a port l2, provided for the purpose in the plunger II and coinciding with the inlet opening of the pipe 9 when the said plunger II is at the upper extremity of its travel, that is to say, in normal position. 55

7 pressure intensifier consists essentially of two valves 28 and 29 carried by a movable rod 30;

this rod Miami the valves 28, 29 constitute a distributor that is actuated by a membrane or diaphragm fitted in a chamber 32. At its other end, the rod 36 is acted on by a spiral compression spring 33,

The compressed-air is supplied to inlet 44 through a stop valve 3, while the outlet 43 communicates with the space above the piston 14 of the pneumatic cylinder 1 of the high-pressure intensifier; the space below the piston in this pneumatic cylinder being supplied from the cock 4 of the low-pressure intensifier through the conduit 21. The distributor or hydraulically controlled valve has also an outlet at 41 communicating with the outer air. The manner in which this system functions is as follows:

As soon as the movable ram 50 of the receiver l9 commences to compress the, work, the increased pressure in the liquid caused by the plunger I I causes a deformation of the diaphragm 3|, which, through the action of the rod closes the valve 28 and opens valve 29. The compressed air, arriving through inlet M, can pass through pipe and enter into the upper space of the cylinder 1'.

When the cock 4 is restoredto its normal position, the upper space above the piston of the cylinder 6 is put incommunication with the free air and thelowerspaces (below the pistons) of the cylinders 6 and 'I are subjected to pressure throughthe pipes 21. The piston ID then returns to its normal raised position and the release of the excess pressure which previously existed in pipe causes the restoration ofthe diaphragm 3| to its normal position. The spring33 then closes the valve 29 while also opening the valve 28 and putting the upper space of the cylinder 1 i communication with the outer air, thus enthe tension of which can be adjusted.

abling the piston i toflresume its inoperative position. g

The motive fluid employed in these installations may be compressed air or'any other suitable agent. For purposes of transmission, any fiuidappropriate for the end in view may also be made use of.

The invention may be applied to operate any device for the utilization of pressure, such as, for instance, a hydraulic press, locking-devices for butt-weldingmachines, electrodes of spot-welding .machines and also any other machines in which one or more workpieces require to be fixed so as to be compressed or otherwise operated on.

What I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a transmission system for pressure-utilizing means such as hydraulic presses; a source (A) of fluid under pressure; a low-pressure hydraulic intensifier (6, l3) supplied from the source (A); a high-pressure hydraulic intensifier (1,1,6) supplied from the source (A), comprising a cylinder (i6) and a movable element such as a piston and ram (l4, l5) reciprocating ,within the said cylinder (i6); means of intercommunication (35) between the low-pressure intensifier (6, I3) and the high-pressure intensifier (1, I 6 the said means discharging into the cylinder of the high-pressureintensifier and being controlled by the said movable element, such as tlie'piston (14,15 of the said high-pressure intensifier; an automatic pressure responsive control device (2!, 2|) controlled by the pressure of the low-pressure intensifier (6, i3) and, \in turn, controlling the operation of the movable element or the highpressure intensifier to bring the said high-pressure relay (1, [6) into operation when the lowpressure intensifier has operated; a receiver (l8) ,actuated, in succession, bythe low-pressure intensifier (6, l3) and by the high-pressure intensifier (1, l6) and actuating the pressureutilizing means.

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